Post by Bink on Aug 12, 2022 6:52:36 GMT
Bernard Fanning (15 August 1969)
Associated Acts: Powderfinger (1989 - 2010)
Voice Type: larynx destroyer turned guy (baritone)
Vocal Range: D2 - F5
{Vocal Summary}Bernard Fanning is an interesting singer precisely because he is not super interesting. I don't really know how to explain this but despite his apparently abhorrent refusal to go above A4 literally ever it sparks some interesting opinions on his voice.
Alright, so technically he was never really good, in his earlier days he essentially resulted in shouting in the F♯4-G♯4 area a lot of the time, and occasionally these shouts would get up to around A4, and despite the fact that he sounds kinda nasal a bit of time, resulting in it being difficult to tell where he's placed, he is sure fire a baritone, kinda meant he probably found this vocal style exhausting especially on tracks like "Swollen Tongue", and his kind of crackly and husky tone didn't help his case most definitely. While he did get technically better over the years, there was a price he paid for the slightest bit of technical ability. What is this you may ask? Well he kinda just started to sound like a regular guy, sometimes embracing the fact that he is in fact, a baritone. What does this mean you may ask? Well it means go above G4 about once an album for every single album post-20th century.
And look despite not really using his lower range in a lot of his songs outside of backing vocals there are some definite signs that showcase he is a baritone. Such as the fact that he often starts going a bit more intense when he reaches E4 ("My Kind of Scene", "Lost and Running", "Thrilloilogy").
Also, while most of these grunge-esque tenors in contrast to Fanning usually have a lot more of a squashed lower register contrast to Fanning's which both stretches quite low and when he gets down to about the mid-2nd octave it sounds quite resonant.
But hey, I mean he sounds fine, he's never really irritating to listen to despite the fact that he cannot mix at all. There is kind of a reason why literally every single Australian rock singer for the past 20 or so years somewhat tries (and more often than not, fails) to sound like this guy.
Written by Bink
Alright, so technically he was never really good, in his earlier days he essentially resulted in shouting in the F♯4-G♯4 area a lot of the time, and occasionally these shouts would get up to around A4, and despite the fact that he sounds kinda nasal a bit of time, resulting in it being difficult to tell where he's placed, he is sure fire a baritone, kinda meant he probably found this vocal style exhausting especially on tracks like "Swollen Tongue", and his kind of crackly and husky tone didn't help his case most definitely. While he did get technically better over the years, there was a price he paid for the slightest bit of technical ability. What is this you may ask? Well he kinda just started to sound like a regular guy, sometimes embracing the fact that he is in fact, a baritone. What does this mean you may ask? Well it means go above G4 about once an album for every single album post-20th century.
And look despite not really using his lower range in a lot of his songs outside of backing vocals there are some definite signs that showcase he is a baritone. Such as the fact that he often starts going a bit more intense when he reaches E4 ("My Kind of Scene", "Lost and Running", "Thrilloilogy").
Also, while most of these grunge-esque tenors in contrast to Fanning usually have a lot more of a squashed lower register contrast to Fanning's which both stretches quite low and when he gets down to about the mid-2nd octave it sounds quite resonant.
But hey, I mean he sounds fine, he's never really irritating to listen to despite the fact that he cannot mix at all. There is kind of a reason why literally every single Australian rock singer for the past 20 or so years somewhat tries (and more often than not, fails) to sound like this guy.
Written by Bink
Significant High Notes:
F5 ("Boing Boing")
E5 ("L.O.L.A.", "Who Really Cares (Featuring The Sound of Insanity)")
E♭5 ("Eyes Wide Open", "Reckless")
D5 ("Disconnect", "Wasting Time", "What a Man Wants", "Which Way Home?")
C♯5 ("Belly of The Beast", "Dunning Kruger National Park")
C5 ("Change The Tide", "A Fight About Money", "Hindley Street", "Iberian Dream", "Lou Doimand", "Maxwell's Great Mistake", "Odyssey #5", "Stand Yourself", "Thrilloilogy", "What Are You Waiting For", "Who Really Cares (Featuring The Sound of Insanity)")
B4 ("All of The Dreamers", "America (Glamour and Prestige)", "Ballad of a Dead Man", "Call You Home", "Change of Pace", "The Day You Come", "The Electric Horsemen / Vladimir / SS / Come Away", "Golden Rule", "Head Up in The Clouds", "How Far Have We Really Come", "John Callahan", "Somewhere Along The Way", "A Song Called Everything", "This Syrup to Exchange", "Waiting For The Sun", "Which Way Home?", "Wishing On The Same Moon", "Wrecking Ball", "Zero Sum Game")
B♭4 ("(Baby I've Got You) On My Mind", "Battleships", "Belly of The Beast", "Blackfella / Whitefella", "Down to The River", "Day By Day", "Drake", "Inside Track", "Like a Dog", "Since You've Been Gone", "Think It Over", "We Should Be Together Now", "Zero Sum Game")
A4 ("Awake", "Battleships", "Blind to Reason", "Call You Home", "Change The Tide", "The Deluge", "Fathers' Pyramid", "A Fight About Money", "Grave Concern", "Grow Around You", "Head Up in The Clouds", "Here Comes The Sadist", "Iberian Dream", "Isn't It a Pity", "Jewel", "Letter From a Distant Shore", "Limbo Stick", "L.O.L.A.", "Maxwell's Great Mistake", "The Metre", "My Happiness", "My Kind of Scene", "Nobody Sees", "No Name Lane", "Not Finished Just Yet", "Oipic", "Passenger", "Pockets", "Reap What You Sow", "Rockin' Rocks", "Rule of Thumb", "Solution", "Somewhere Along The Way", "Stitches", "Tail", "Take Me In", "Tell Me How It Ends", "These Days", "This Syrup to Exchange", "Tom" demo, "Wasting Time", "While My Guitar Gently Weeps" live Grave Concern, "Who Really Cares (Featuring The Sound of Insanity)", "Yesterday's Gone")
G♯4 ("Already Gone", "America (Glamour and Prestige)", "(Baby I've Got You) On My Mind", "Belter", "Blanket", "Bless My Soul", "Capoicity", "Citadel", "Day By Day", "Don't Wanna Be Left Out", "Freedom", "Further Down The Road", "Ghosts", "Grave Concern", "Happy", "I Don't Remember", "I'm Splittin' Terry", "It's a Long Way to The Top" live Melbourne Cricket Ground 2008, "Never Pass This Way Again", "Reckless", "Rise Up", "Since You've Been Gone", "Sleeping Rough", "Slip", "Somewhere Along The Way", "Surviving", "Swollen Tongue", "This Syrup to Exchange", "We Should Be Together Now", "While My Guitar Gently Weeps" live Grave Concern)
G4 ("Battleships", "Better Be Home Soon" live ARIA Awards 2016, "Blackfella / Whitefella", "Blanket", "Bless My Soul", "Born Expecting", "Bridle You", "Burn Your Name", "Change of Pace", "Citadel", "Control Freak", "d.a.f.", "Daybreak", "The Day You Come", "Departures (Blue Toowong Skies)", "Disconnect", "Don't Panic", "Down to The River", "Drake", "Emerald Flame", "Empty Space", "Fighting For Air", "Good Day Ray", "Grave Concern", "Here Comes The Sadist", "How Far Have We Really Come", "Hurried Bloom", "I'm Splittin' Terry", "Inside Track", "Isn't It a Pity", "Letter From a Distant Shore", "Lost and Running", "Lou Doimand", "Mama Harry", "May Morning", "My Urn", "No Name Lane", "Not Finished Just Yet", "Odyssey #5", "Past Tomorrow", "Pick You Up", "Pockets", "Rise Up", "Rockin' Rocks", "Roll Right By You", "Rush of Blood", "Sail The Wildest Stretch", "Save Your Skin" Powderfinger version, "See Me Coming", "Shed My Skin", "Skinny Jean", "Slip", "A Song Called Everything", "Stand Yourself", "Swollen Tongue", "Take a Light" live Brisbane 1993, "Tell Me How It Ends", "Thrilloilogy", "Turtles Head", "Up and Down and Back Again", "Walking Stick", "What a Man Wants", "What Are You Waiting For", "Which Way Home?", "Who Really Cares (Featuring The Sound of Insanity)", "Wishing On The Same Moon", "Wish You Well", "Wrecking Ball", "Zero Sum Game")
F♯4 ("America (Glamour and Prestige)", "Awake", "Ballad of a Dead Man", "Belly of The Beast", "Belter", "Blind to Reason", "Blood", "Bridle You", "Call You Home", "Change of Pace", "Change The Tide", "d.a.f.", "Diamond Ring", "Drongo", "The Electric Horsemen / Vladimir / SS / Come Away", "Fathers' Pyramid", "A Fight About Money", "Freedom", "Further Down The Road", "Give", "Golden Rule", "Good Day Ray", "Grow Around You", "Head Up in The Clouds", "Here Comes The Sadist", "Hope and Validation", "Iberian Dream", "I Don't Remember", "I Don't Want to Be Your Problem", "John Callahan", "King of Nowhere", "Letter From a Distant Shore", "Living Type", "L.O.L.A.", "Love Your Way", "Maxwell's Great Mistake", "The Metre", "My Urn", "Oipic", "Passenger", "Poison In Your Mind", "Reap What You Sow", "Reckless", "Say It So I Know", "See Me Coming", "Silver Bullet", "Since You've Been Gone", "Sleeping Rough", "Slip", "Solution", "Songbird", "A Song Called Everything", "Stitches", "Stumblin'", "Sunsets", "Take Me In", "That Ol' Track", "These Days", "This Syrup to Exchange", "Thrilloilogy", "Trading Places", "Walking Stick", "Wasting Time", "What a Man Wants", "What Are You Waiting For", "Wish You Well", "Yesterday's Gone")
F4 ("(Baby I've Got You) On My Mind", "Battleships", "Belly of The Beast", "Blackfella / Whitefella", "Bless My Soul", "Burn Your Name", "Capoicity", "Control Freak", "Day By Day", "The Deluge", "Disconnect", "Don't Panic", "Don't Wanna Be Left Out", "Down to The River", "Drake", "Dunning Kruger National Park", "The Electric Horsemen / Vladimir / SS / Come Away", "Empty Space", "Eyes Wide Open", "Fighting For Air", "Ghosts", "Happy", "Hindley Street", "Iberian Dream", "Ibis", "Isn't It a Pity", "It's a Long Way to The Top" live Melbourne Cricket Ground 2008, "Like a Dog", "Limbo Stick", "May Morning", "My Happiness", "Nobody Sees", "No Name Lane", "Oipic", "Roll Right By You", "Rule of Thumb", "Rush of Blood", "Sail The Wildest Stretch", "Save Your Skin", "Say You're Mine", "Shed My Skin", "Since You've Been Gone", "Solution", "Stand Yourself", "Stumblin'", "Think It Over", "This Syrup to Exchange", "Thrill Is Gone", "Tom" demo, "Turtles Head", "Unpicking a Puzzle", "Up and Down and Back Again", "We Should Be Together Now", "Wishing On The Same Moon", "Zero Sum Game")
E4 ("All of The Dreamers", "Already Gone", "America (Glamour and Prestige)", "Believe", "Better Be Home Soon" live ARIA Awards 2016, "Blackfella / Whitefella", "Black Tears", "Blood", "Born Expecting", "Bridle You", "Burn Your Name", "Call You Home", "Citadel", "Corner Boy", "Daybreak", "Departures (Blue Toowong Skies)", "Don't Panic", "Down to The River", "Drake", "Drifting Further Away", "The Electric Horsemen / Vladimir / SS / Come Away", "Emerald Flame", "Evie, Part 2" live Sydney Cricket Ground 2005, "A Fight About Money", "Freedom", "Further Down The Road", "Glimpse", "Give", "Grow Around You", "Head Up in The Clouds", "Hindley Street", "Hope and Validation", "How Far Have We Really Come", "Hurried Bloom", "I Don't Remember", "I'm On Your Side", "In The Ten Years Gone", "Ironical", "Isn't It a Pity", "Jewel", "Lemon Sunrise", "Letter From a Distant Shore", "Living Type", "Long Way to Go", "Lost and Running", "Jc", "Maxwell's Great Mistake", "The Metre", "My Happiness", "My Kind of Scene", "Never Pass This Way Again", "Not Finished Just Yet", "Passenger", "Pockets", "Rockin' Rocks", "Say It So I Know", "Say You're Mine", "See You Again", "Skinny Jean", "Sleeping Rough", "Somewhere Along The Way", "A Song Called Everything", "Sooner or Later", "The Strangest Thing", "Sunsets", "Surviving", "Swollen Tongue", "Tell Me How It Ends", "Thrilloilogy", "Tom" demo, "Trading Places", "Waiting For The Sun", "What Are You Waiting For", "Which Way Home?", "While My Guitar Gently Weeps" live Grave Concern, "Who Really Cares (Featuring The Sound of Insanity)", "Wishing On The Same Moon", "Wrecking Ball", "Yesterday's Gone")
Significant Low Notes:
E3 ("Already Gone", "Believe", "Belter", "Better Be Home Soon" live ARIA Awards 2016, "Blackfella / Whitefella", "Blanket", "Blood", "Call You Home", "Change of Pace", "Change The Tide", "Citadel", "Corner Boy", "d.a.f.", "Daybreak", "The Day You Come", "Diamond Ring", "Drifting Further Away", "Drongo", "Evie, Part 2" live Sydney Cricket Ground 2005, "Freedom", "Give", "Grave Concern", "Here Comes The Sadist", "How Far Have We Really Come", "Hurried Bloom", "I Don't Want to Be Your Problem", "I'm On Your Side", "I'm Splittin' Terry", "In The Ten Years Gone", "Ironical", "Jewel", "Lemon Sunrise", "Letter From a Distant Shore", "L.O.L.A.", "Long Way to Go", "The Metre", "Private Man", "Say It So I Know", "Skinny Jean", "Sleeping Rough", "Slip", "Somewhere Along The Way", "Songbird", "A Song Called Everything", "The Strangest Thing", "Sunsets", "Surviving", "Tell Me How It Ends", "Thrilloilogy", "Trading Places", "Waiting For The Sun", "Wasting Time", "What a Man Wants", "Whatever Makes You Happy", "While My Guitar Gently Weeps" live Grave Concern, "Wrecking Ball")
E♭3 ("America (Glamour and Prestige)", "Don't Wanna Be Left Out", "Empty Space", "Ghosts", "Like a Dog", "Limbo Stick", "Maxwell's Great Mistake", "No Name Lane", "Pick You Up", "Reckless", "Rush of Blood", "Sail The Wildest Stretch", "Since You've Been Gone", "Stumblin'", "Unpicking a Puzzle", "Up and Down and Back Again")
D3 ("All of The Dreamers", "Believe", "Better Be Home Soon" live ARIA Awards 2016, "Black Tears", "Blind to Reason", "Blood", "Boing Boing", "Capoicity", "Celebrity Head", "d.a.f.", "The Deluge", "Departures (Blue Toowong Skies)", "Don't Panic", "Drake", "Drifting Further Away", "The Electric Horsemen / Vladimir / SS / Come Away", "Emerald Flame", "Fathers' Pyramid", "Feels Like Something" demo, "Fighting For Air", "Golden Rule", "How Far Have We Really Come", "Iberian Dream", "I'm On Your Side", "King of Nowhere", "Limbo Stick", "Oipic", "Passenger", "Poison In Your Mind", "May Morning", "Nobody Sees", "No Name Lane", "Rise Up", "Save Your Skin", "Say You're Mine", "See Me Coming", "Sink Low", "Skinny Jean", "Sooner or Later", "Stand Yourself", "Stitches", "Strangers", "The Strangest Thing", "Swollen Tongue", "Tail", "That Ol' Track", "These Days", "Thrill Is Gone", "Thrilloilogy", "Waiting For The Sun", "Wash Me Clean", "What a Man Wants", "What Are You Waiting For", "Which Way Home?", "Wish You Well", "Zero Sum Game")
C♯3 ("Belly of The Beast", "Evie, Part 2" live Sydney Cricket Ground 2005, "Ghosts", "Glimpse", "Here Comes The Sadist", "Hope and Validation", "Jc", "Love Your Way", "Maxwell's Great Mistake", "Private Man", "Reckless", "See You Again", "Sink Low", "Sleeping Rough", "Somewhere Along The Way", "Wasting Time")
C3 ("Burn Your Name", "Capoicity", "Celebrity Head", "The Deluge", "Departures (Blue Toowong Skies)", "Don't Wanna Be Left Out", "Down to The River", "Fighting For Air", "Here Comes The Sadist", "Hindley Street", "Iberian Dream", "Ibis", "In The Ten Years Gone", "Lost and Running", "My Kind of Scene", "Nobody Sees", "Not Finished Just Yet", "Over My Head", "Pick You Up", "Rule of Thumb", "Stitches", "The Strangest Thing", "Think It Over", "Thrill Is Gone", "Thrilloilogy", "Wash Me Clean", "Whatever Makes You Happy", "Zero Sum Game")
B2 ("America (Glamour and Prestige)", "Ballad of a Dead Man", "Burn Your Name", "Corner Boy", "The Day You Come", "Diamond Ring", "Don't Panic", "The Electric Horsemen / Vladimir / SS / Come Away", "Emerald Flame", "A Fight About Money", "Head Up in The Clouds", "Here Comes The Sadist", "Hope and Validation", "How Far Have We Really Come", "Letter From a Distant Shore", "Living Type", "Past Tomorrow", "Poison In Your Mind", "Private Man", "Rise Up", "See Me Coming", "Sink Low", "Skinny Jean", "Somewhere Along The Way", "Surviving", "That Ol' Track", "Watch Over Me")
B♭2 ("Day By Day", "Fighting For Air", "Further Down The Road", "Inside Track", "No Name Lane", "Reckless", "Stand Yourself", "Stumblin'", "Wash Me Clean")
A2 ("Awake", "Battleships", "Black Tears", "Born Expecting", "Call You Home", "The Day You Come", "Departures (Blue Toowong Skies)", "Down to The River", "Drake", "The Electric Horsemen / Vladimir / SS / Come Away", "Golden Rule", "Grow Around You", "Head Up in The Clouds", "Iberian Dream", "John Callahan", "King of Nowhere", "Letter From a Distant Shore", "Living Type", "L.O.L.A.", "Lost and Running", "Love Your Way", "My Happiness", "My Kind of Scene", "Past Tomorrow", "Say It So I Know", "See You Again", "Songbird", "Sunsets", "Strangers", "That Ol' Track", "Tom" demo, "Trading Places", "Watch Over Me", "Wrecking Ball")
G♯2 ("Dunning Kruger National Park", "Evie, Part 2" live Sydney Cricket Ground 2005, "Jc", "Limbo Stick", "Like a Dog", "Never Pass This Way Again", "Which Way Home?")
G2 ("All of The Dreamers", "Awake", "Battleships", "Departures (Blue Toowong Skies)", "Hindley Street", "Ibis", "Inside Track", "Lost and Running", "My Kind of Scene", "Odyssey #5", "Rule of Thumb", "Wash Me Clean", "What a Man Wants")
F♯2 ("Day By Day", "A Fight About Money", "Further Down The Road", "King of Nowhere", "Reckless", "See You Again", "Songbird", "Strangers", "Stumblin'", "That Ol' Track")
F2 ("Dunning Kruger National Park", "Think It Over", "We Should Be Together Now")
E2 ("Here Comes The Sadist", "John Callahan", "Lemon Sunrise", "Sooner or Later", "Watch Over Me")
E♭2 ("We Should Be Together Now")
D2 ("Boing Boing", "John Callahan", "Which Way Home?")
.......................................................
Blue marks falsetto or whistle notes.
Underlines mark notes that are obscured in the song mix.
Italics mark non-melodic notes.
Boldface marks notes or passages that are considered to be particularly notable examples of this person's vocal capabilities.
Best Vocal Performances:
1. May Morning
2. My Kind of Scene
3. Trading Places
4. Wish You Well
5. Change The Tide
6. The Day You Come
7. These Days
8. Burn Your Name
9. Bless My Soul
10. Already Gone
11. Wishing On The Same Moon
12. Blind to Reason
13. d.a.f.
14. Pick You Up
15. Since You've Been Gone
16. My Happiness
17. Fathers' Pyramid
18. Watch Over Me
19. Lost and Running
20. Stand Yourself
{Album Ranges}Powderfinger:
Powderfinger* (1993): D3-G♯4
Transfusion (1993): B2-A4-C5
Parables For Wooden Ears (1994): B2-A4-B4
Mr. Kneebone (1995): C3-A4
Double Allergic (1996): D2-A4-F5
Internationalist (1998): E2-G2-G♯4-C5
Odyssey Number Five (2000): E♭2-A4-C5
Vulture Street (2003): F♯2-A4-B♭4
Dream Days At The Hotel Existence (2007): G2-G♯4-E5
Golden Rule (2009): F2-A4-C5
Unreleased (2020): F♯2-G♯4-B♭4
Solo:
Tea & Sympathy (2005): D2-G♯4-D5
Departures (2013): E2-A4-B4
Civil Dusk (2016): F♯2-G♯4-E5
Brutal Dawn (2017): A2-A4-B4
Fanning Dempsey National Park:
The Deluge (2024): F2-G♯4-E♭5
* means not complete, if anyone could find this it would be great
Powderfinger* (1993): D3-G♯4
Transfusion (1993): B2-A4-C5
Parables For Wooden Ears (1994): B2-A4-B4
Mr. Kneebone (1995): C3-A4
Double Allergic (1996): D2-A4-F5
Internationalist (1998): E2-G2-G♯4-C5
Odyssey Number Five (2000): E♭2-A4-C5
Vulture Street (2003): F♯2-A4-B♭4
Dream Days At The Hotel Existence (2007): G2-G♯4-E5
Golden Rule (2009): F2-A4-C5
Unreleased (2020): F♯2-G♯4-B♭4
Solo:
Tea & Sympathy (2005): D2-G♯4-D5
Departures (2013): E2-A4-B4
Civil Dusk (2016): F♯2-G♯4-E5
Brutal Dawn (2017): A2-A4-B4
Fanning Dempsey National Park:
The Deluge (2024): F2-G♯4-E♭5
* means not complete, if anyone could find this it would be great
{Questionable Notes}
G♯5 ("Dunning Kruger National Park"[2])
G5 ("Belter" live at The Wireless[5])
F♯5 ("Boing Boing"[5])
F5 ("Jewel"[1][2])
D5 ("Pockets"[2], "Rise Up"[1], "Sail The Wildest Stretch"[2])
C5 ("Happy"[2], "Tell Me How It Ends"[2], "Think It Over"[2])
B4 ("See Me Coming"[2])
B♭4 ("We Should Be Together Now"[1])
A4 ("Ballad of a Dead Man"[2], "Drake"[4], "Sleeping Rough"[2])
G2 ("Like a Dog"[1], "Stand Yourself"[1])
F♯2 ("Don't Panic"[1], "Love Your Way"[4], "Past Tomorrow"[1])
F2 ("Ibis"[5], "Wash Me Clean"[1])
E2 ("The Day You Come"[1], "Drake"[4], "Somewhere Along The Way"[1])
E♭2 ("Stumblin'"[5])
.......................................................
[1] marks yelps and short trills in high range or anacrusis and short dips in low range.
[2] marks notes of questionable identity that cannot be confirmed to be the singer in question.
[3] marks non-melodic notes that don't have a significant enough pitch to warrant inclusion.
[4] marks notes that possess uncertain pitch or have been pitch-shifted.
[5] marks notes that do not fit the previous criteria but are not of a substantial enough quality to warrant counting towards the singer's range.
G♯5 ("Dunning Kruger National Park"[2])
G5 ("Belter" live at The Wireless[5])
F♯5 ("Boing Boing"[5])
F5 ("Jewel"[1][2])
D5 ("Pockets"[2], "Rise Up"[1], "Sail The Wildest Stretch"[2])
C5 ("Happy"[2], "Tell Me How It Ends"[2], "Think It Over"[2])
B4 ("See Me Coming"[2])
B♭4 ("We Should Be Together Now"[1])
A4 ("Ballad of a Dead Man"[2], "Drake"[4], "Sleeping Rough"[2])
G2 ("Like a Dog"[1], "Stand Yourself"[1])
F♯2 ("Don't Panic"[1], "Love Your Way"[4], "Past Tomorrow"[1])
F2 ("Ibis"[5], "Wash Me Clean"[1])
E2 ("The Day You Come"[1], "Drake"[4], "Somewhere Along The Way"[1])
E♭2 ("Stumblin'"[5])
.......................................................
[1] marks yelps and short trills in high range or anacrusis and short dips in low range.
[2] marks notes of questionable identity that cannot be confirmed to be the singer in question.
[3] marks non-melodic notes that don't have a significant enough pitch to warrant inclusion.
[4] marks notes that possess uncertain pitch or have been pitch-shifted.
[5] marks notes that do not fit the previous criteria but are not of a substantial enough quality to warrant counting towards the singer's range.
